He aha nā pilikia i ka hoʻohuli ʻana o CNC i nā ʻāpana kila kila?

2026-01-12

Pololei CNC huli ʻana Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka mīkini ʻana i nā ʻāpana rotary hiki ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ma kahi lathe. Hōʻike ʻia nā lathes CNC e ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī, ka hana pololei, a me ka hoʻonohonoho pono ʻana i nā mea hana. ʻAe lākou i ka uku lima pololei a pololei paha o nā mea hana, e hiki ai ke hana i nā ʻāpana me nā koi pololei o ka lathe. Eia kekahi, hoʻokō ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea hana ma ka huli ʻana i ka helu ma o ka interpolation kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele servo. I ka hana ʻana i nā arcs a i ʻole nā ʻili piʻo ʻē aʻe, hana kēia ʻano hana i nā ʻano e kūlike loa me nā koi geometric o nā kiʻi hoʻolālā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lathes kope.

ʻO ke kila kila, nona ka 16%–18% chromium, ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia he kila kila kūpaʻa waikawa a i ʻole ke kila kila kūpaʻa i ka pala. Hāʻawi ia i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka pala i nā wahi lewa a i ʻole nā wahi pala iki a mālama i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (>450°C). ʻIke ʻia no kona kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala, ka hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia, ka hiki ke hoʻololi, a me ka paʻakikī ikaika ma waena o kahi ākea o ka mahana, hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila kila i ka ʻoihana kaumaha, ka ʻoihana māmā, a me nā huahana o kēlā me kēia lā.

I ka wā ʻO ka mīkini CNC nā ʻāpana kila kila, ʻo nā pahuhopu ka wikiwiki, ka pololei, a me ka pololei. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa pinepine nā pilikia i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana. Ma lalo nei, ke kālailai nei mākou i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e kū mai ana i ka huli ʻana o CNC i nā ʻāpana kila kila.

1.      Ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī
ʻO ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī o ke kila kila e paʻakikī ai ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka ʻoki wikiwiki, kahi e hoʻopilikia pololei ai i ka mīkini CNC. He pilikia nui kēia i ka ʻoki CNC o ke kila kila. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hōʻike nā kila kila austenitic a me martensitic i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka ikaika tensile—e like me ke kila kalapona No. 40—ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ko lākou elongation, ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka wahi, a me ka waiwai hopena. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka elongation o 1Cr18Ni9Ti he 210% o ke kila No. 40. ʻO ka hopena kēia i nā pilikia i ka haki ʻana o ka ʻāpana i ka wā o ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. ʻOki ʻana CNC, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu nui ma muli o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka deformation.

2.      Ka Paʻakikī Hana a me ka Hoʻopili ʻana
He maʻalahi ke kila kila i ka paʻakikī o ka hana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā ʻāpana, me ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi ʻole e hoʻopilikia hou aku i ke kaʻina hana ʻoki. I ka wā o ka huli CNC wikiwiki, ʻo ke kila kila e hana i ka paʻakikī o ka hana. ʻO ka extrusion o ka mea hana ma ka piko o ka mea hana e hoʻoulu ai i ka deformation i loko o ka ʻāpana ʻoki, e alakaʻi ana i ka intragranular slip, lattice distortion, a me ka microstructural densification. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī ʻoki ma 2-3 mau manawa, me ka papa paʻakikī i kekahi manawa e hiki aku i nā haneli micrometers i ka hohonu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻopili ikaika a me ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi ʻole o nā ʻāpana kila kila e kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka lihi i kūkulu ʻia ma ka piko o ka mea hana a me ka lihi ʻoki, e hoʻonui ana i ka haʻalulu i ka wā o ka mīkini a me ka wikiwiki ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu o ka mea hana.

3.      Nā pilikia mīkini kaula
ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau e komo pū ana me ka ʻinoʻino o ka ʻili o nā kaula a me ka ʻino nui o ka mea hana. I ka wā o ke kaula CNC o ke kila kila, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā pilikia maʻamau e like me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻili o ke kaula, nā ʻano like me ka unahi iʻa, a me ke nahu ʻana o ka mea hana. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia mau mea he kihi hoʻomaha liʻiliʻi loa ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka mea hana kaula, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka friction me ka ʻili o ke kaula a hōʻino i ka maikaʻi o ka mīkini. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke nānā ʻole ʻia ka ʻino o ka mea hana, no ka mea, hoʻololi ia i nā kihi rake a me ka hoʻomaha, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika ʻoki, ka haʻalulu, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻili i mīkini ʻia.

4.      Nā Kumu Hana Hana a me nā Mīkini Hana
ʻO ka paʻakikī ʻole a me ka pololei maikaʻi ʻole o ka mīkini hana ke kumu o ka haʻalulu, e hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole ana i ka maikaʻi o ka mīkini. He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka paʻakikī o ka mīkini hana a me ka ʻōnaehana mea hana. ʻO nā pilikia e like me ka paʻa pono ʻole o ka mea hana wili, ka nui o ka mea hana, ka paʻakikī kūpono ʻole o ka mea paʻa mea hana, a me ka pololei maikaʻi ʻole o ka mīkini hana hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka haʻalulu, a laila e hoʻopilikia ana i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili o ke kaula. No laila, i ka wā e hana ana, he mea nui e hōʻoia i ke kūpaʻa o ka mīkini hana, ka mea hana, a me ka ʻāpana hana, a e hoʻoponopono pono i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka piko o ka mea hana e pale aku i ka nahu ʻana o ka mea hana.

ʻOiai mīkini CNC pololei ʻOiai ke hāʻawi nei ke kila kila i kahi kaulike kupaianaha o nā waiwai pono, hele mai ia me kekahi mau pilikia. He maʻalahi loa nā kila kila Austenitic i ka paʻakikī i ka wā o ka mīkini ʻana, hiki ke hoʻonui i ko lākou paʻakikī. Inā ʻaʻole kamaʻāina ka mīkini me ka hana kila kila, hiki i kēia ke hoʻolalelale i ka ʻaʻahu o ka mea hana a hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kila kila he haʻahaʻa loa ka conductivity thermal, e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻiliʻili wela ma ka ʻāpana ʻoki. Me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoluʻolu kūpono a me nā palena ʻoki kūpono, hiki ke piʻi aʻe ka mahana e hiki ai ke hoʻopilikia i ke kila kila. Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻāpana kila kila, hiki i kēia ke hopena i nā pilikia e like me ka intergranular corrosion a me ka stress corrosion cracking.

ʻOiai kēia mau pilikia, hiki i nā mīkini akamai ke hana pono i ke kila kila kiʻekiʻe Nā ʻāpana CNC inā hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hana a me nā lako kūpono, me nā hana mīkini i hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia.